View modern civilization as producing psychological emptiness, dependence, and loss of purpose.

Insist that people should live in ways that preserve independence from technological infrastructure.

Favor radical systemic change over incremental reform when confronting what he saw as structural domination.

Believe that human needs should be met within limits set by nature rather than by endless industrial expansion.

Reject the idea that technological and scientific development is automatically progress.

Hold that freedom cannot be preserved if society continues to adopt increasingly powerful technologies.